“Jiritsu Shien” is a measure stipulated by Article 5 of the Mental Health and Welfare Law for People with Mental Disorders, to subsidize the medical expenses of people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, intoxication by psychoactive substances and other mental disorders such as epilepsy, who require a continued outpatient psychiatric treatment.
Outpatient psychiatric treatment is medical care without hospitalization for patients with pathological conditions due to mental disorders. Even when the symptoms have largely subsided with considerable improvement, continuous treatment is required to maintain a stable state and to prevent a recurrence. This continued outpatient psychiatric treatment is applicable to "jiritsu shien".
(Excerpted from the website of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare http://www.mhlw.go.jp/bunya/shougaihoken/jiritsu/seishin.html)